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What Is Pm 2.5 Air Pollution

PM2.5 air pollution

This page gives evidence and information on particulate matter (PM2.5) levels across England and in local areas. It checks progress against the Taskforce recommendation to:

  • Place new restrictions on particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions from all sources

With the following measure of success:

  • No-one in England lives in an area with an annual average level of PM2.5 which exceeds WHO recommended limits, as measured by Defra.

What is PM2.5?

Different emitters of PM2.5: Vehicles, industry, power generation and domestic heating

The air that you breathe contains a mixture of solids and liquids, including carbon, chemicals, sulphates, nitrates, mineral dust, and water. This is known as particulate matter.

Some particles are more dangerous than others. Particles such as dust, soot, dirt or smoke, are large or dark enough to be visible. But the most damaging particles are minuscule particles, known as PM10 and PM2.5. PM2.5 particles are invisible to the naked eye and small enough to pass through the lungs, into the bloodstream, and into your organs. Generally, they come from the combustion of solid and liquid fuels, through power generation, domestic heating and in-vehicle engines.

Exposure to PM2.5 can cause illnesses like asthma, COPD, coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer. There is also evidence that links PM2.5 to low birth weight, diabetes and diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson'.

What's the story so far?

We need far more ambitious legal limits for PM2.5 to protect public health

The legal limits for PM2.5 in the UK are currently set nearly twice as high as the level that is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). We think this is wrong and needs to be addressed.

There's no safe level of air pollution. Even the WHO's recommended limit does not guarantee you suffer no harm. We urgently need the UK Government to set out new clean air laws with legal standards for PM2.5 in line with the WHO's limit and commit to meeting them by 2030.

Colour scale bar showing EU and WHO limits

Over 35% of local authorities had areas with unsafe levels of PM2.5 in 2018

In 2018,115 out of 317 local authorities (36%) had unsafe levels of PM2.5 that were over the annual level recommended by the WHO.

What's more, 214 local authorities had excessive roadside levels and 55% of monitored locations breached WHO limits.

Year Total LAs Breached LAs % Breached
2011 276 317 87%
2012 241 317 76%
2013 259 317 82%
2014 243 317 77%
2015 95 317 30%
2016 176 317 56%
2017 124 317 39%
2018 115 317 36%

% of local authorities who have breached legal limits per year

What does this mean for you?

There are more than 22 million people living in areas with unsafe levels of PM2.5

22.2 million people in England live in the 115 local authorities that have background levels of PM2.5 above the WHO's recommended limit (based on 2018 data). This is a population nearly the size of Australia. This means 22.2 million people were consistently exposed to dangerously high levels of PM2.5all year round.

A population the size of Australia is exposed to dangerous air each year as a result of PM2.5

An average of 1 in 20 deaths are linked to PM2.5 each year

More than 5% of adult deaths are linked by PM2.5 each year

According to figures published by NHS England, an average of 5% of deaths in those aged over 30 can be attributed to PM2.5 air pollution. That's 1 in every 20 deaths. This is based on figures between 2010 and 2017.

Some local areas across the country are even higher than this, with parts of London as high as 7%.

An earlier report stated there were up to 36,000 premature deaths linked to air pollution across the UK in 2013

According to the Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants, the burden of air pollution in the UK was estimated to be equivalent to approximately 28,000-36,000 premature deaths.

Explore your area

The map below displays information on PM2.5 air pollution in each local authority across the country. It displays both the annual average background level of PM2.5, the level for the worse performing location and provides an estimated number of deaths linked to PM2.5 each year.

Use this map to explore how your area is performing

LAD19NM LAD19CD PM 2.5 Data Year Population Data Year Deaths and Mortality Data Year PM2.5 Background Production Breach Flag Population Child Pop Fraction of Mortality Estimated Number of Deaths Maximum Roadside PM2.5 (Annual Mean) Data notes for background PM2.5 Data notes for fraction of mortality Data notes for maximum roadside PM2.5 WHO guideline Updated Ranking Road name
Adur E07000223 2018 2017 2017 10.5 1 63,721 13,599 5.61 41.6 12.20 10 December 2019 240 A259
Allerdale E07000026 2018 2017 2017 5.39 0 97,213 19,174 2.85 34 7.12 10 December 2019 2 A596
Amber Valley E07000032 2018 2017 2017 7.95 0 125,898 25,311 4.81 61.9 9.17 10 December 2019 65 A608
Arun E07000224 2018 2017 2017 9.67 0 158,657 29,847 5.19 113.3 12.04 10 December 2019 176 A259
Ashfield E07000170 2018 2017 2017 8.44 0 126,164 28,055 4.95 61.6 10.75 10 December 2019 97 A38
Ashford E07000105 2018 2017 2017 10.13 1 127,527 30,879 5.49 58.5 12.64 10 December 2019 210 A28
Aylesbury Vale E07000004 2018 2017 2017 10.14 1 196,020 47,545 5.5 82.1 12.30 10 December 2019 212 A413
Babergh E07000200 2018 2017 2017 9.98 0 90,794 18,588 5.32 53.5 12.13 10 December 2019 198 A1214
Barking and Dagenham E09000002 2018 2017 2017 13.04 1 210,711 65,487 6.76 81 15.87 10 December 2019 314 A13
Barnet E09000003 2018 2017 2017 11.73 1 387,803 95,789 6.33 147.4 15.87 10 December 2019 288 A406
Barnsley E08000016 2018 2017 2017 7.46 0 243,341 52,858 3.81 93.7 9.04 10 December 2019 49 A6195
Barrow-in-Furness E07000027 2018 2017 2017 7.35 0 67,099 14,017 3.75 27.9 7.88 10 December 2019 42 A5087
Basildon E07000066 2018 2017 2017 10.59 1 184,479 44,571 5.71 88.9 13.80 10 December 2019 248 A127
Basingstoke and Deane E07000084 2018 2017 2017 10.09 1 175,337 41,301 5.34 73.1 13.51 10 December 2019 209 A339
Bassetlaw E07000171 2018 2017 2017 8.55 0 116,304 24,530 4.35 53.3 9.81 10 December 2019 105 A620
Bath and North East Somerset E06000022 2018 2017 2017 8.8 0 188,678 38,092 4.65 76.1 10.85 10 December 2019 117 A3604
Bedford E06000055 2018 2017 2017 10.23 1 169,912 41,310 5.57 80.5 12.01 10 December 2019 220 A603
Bexley E09000004 2018 2017 2017 11.83 1 246,124 59,543 6.24 124.4 14.77 10 December 2019 290 A2
Birmingham E08000025 2018 2017 2017 10.19 1 1,137,123 304,110 5.56 461.7 13.30 10 December 2019 217 A4540
Blaby E07000129 2018 2017 2017 9.61 0 98,977 21,949 5.38 45.4 12.12 10 December 2019 169 A563
Blackburn with Darwen E06000008 2018 2017 2017 7.88 0 148,772 40,673 4.04 50.3 9.38 10 December 2019 62 A666
Blackpool E06000009 2018 2017 2017 7.2 0 139,870 30,360 3.66 67.5 9.25 10 December 2019 38 A587
Bolsover E07000033 2018 2017 2017 8.2 0 79,098 16,666 4.58 40.7 11.34 10 December 2019 83 A38
Bolton E08000001 2018 2017 2017 8.47 0 284,813 71,002 4.34 110 11.13 10 December 2019 101 A666
Boston E07000136 2018 2017 2017 9.41 0 68,488 15,053 4.86 38.4 11.44 10 December 2019 155 A16
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole E06000058 2018 2017 2017 9.17 0 395,638 79,241 4.97 216.8 11.53 Background PM2.5 levels for Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole are averaged from combined data from Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole individually Fraction of mortality for Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole is averaged from combined data from Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole individually The maximum roadside level of PM2.5 for Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole is the maximum roadside level seen across either Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole 10 December 2019 136 A338
Bracknell Forest E06000036 2018 2017 2017 10.6 1 120,377 29,572 5.62 40 12.49 10 December 2019 249 A3095
Bradford E08000032 2018 2017 2017 8.41 0 534,800 148,895 4.27 190.2 11.49 10 December 2019 96 A6177
Braintree E07000067 2018 2017 2017 10.14 1 151,677 34,239 5.48 82.9 10.53 10 December 2019 213 A131
Breckland E07000143 2018 2017 2017 9.65 0 138,602 28,286 4.94 76.6 10.79 10 December 2019 172 A1075
Brent E09000005 2018 2017 2017 12.13 1 329,102 81,292 6.5 112.3 15.75 10 December 2019 296 A406
Brentwood E07000068 2018 2017 2017 10.62 1 76,575 16,839 5.76 47.4 11.95 10 December 2019 252 A1023
Brighton and Hove E06000043 2018 2017 2017 10.87 1 288,155 54,343 5.77 124.6 12.99 10 December 2019 267 A270
Bristol E06000023 2018 2017 2017 10 0 459,252 99,103 5.09 168 12.94 10 December 2019 202 A4320
Broadland E07000144 2018 2017 2017 9.65 0 128,535 25,277 4.98 70 11.16 10 December 2019 173 A1151
Bromley E09000006 2018 2017 2017 10.96 1 329,391 77,624 5.85 149.6 13.52 10 December 2019 270 A222
Bromsgrove E07000234 2018 2017 2017 8.83 0 97,594 20,638 4.68 54.1 11.16 10 December 2019 118 A38
Broxbourne E07000095 2018 2017 2017 10.79 1 96,762 22,942 5.88 42.2 13.17 10 December 2019 257 A1010
Broxtowe E07000172 2018 2017 2017 9.02 0 112,718 22,737 5.47 61.4 11.12 10 December 2019 128 A610
Burnley E07000117 2018 2017 2017 7.95 0 87,705 21,123 4.09 38.3 10.90 10 December 2019 66 A671
Bury E08000002 2018 2017 2017 8.22 0 189,628 45,320 4.26 79 10.36 10 December 2019 85 A56
Calderdale E08000033 2018 2017 2017 7.83 0 209,454 48,621 3.97 79.2 10.28 10 December 2019 59 A62
Cambridge E07000008 2018 2017 2017 10.45 1 124,919 24,778 5.57 46.2 11.51 10 December 2019 236 A1134
Camden E09000007 2018 2017 2017 12.51 1 253,361 51,721 6.71 78.5 16.02 10 December 2019 303 A501
Cannock Chase E07000192 2018 2017 2017 8.54 0 99,126 21,026 4.71 44.3 12.62 10 December 2019 103 A5
Canterbury E07000106 2018 2017 2017 9.96 0 164,100 31,960 5.39 88.4 12.17 10 December 2019 197 A290
Carlisle E07000028 2018 2017 2017 6.2 0 108,274 22,473 3.23 38.5 8.01 10 December 2019 9 A69
Castle Point E07000069 2018 2017 2017 10.25 1 89,814 18,077 5.49 57.2 11.52 10 December 2019 224 A13
Central Bedfordshire E06000056 2018 2017 2017 10.17 1 280,030 64,449 5.6 110.6 13.12 10 December 2019 216 A5120
Charnwood E07000130 2018 2017 2017 9.27 0 180,387 36,847 5.44 77.8 11.09 10 December 2019 144 A607
Chelmsford E07000070 2018 2017 2017 10.49 1 176,194 39,372 5.66 84.9 13.16 10 December 2019 239 A1016
Cheltenham E07000078 2018 2017 2017 9.75 0 117,128 24,701 5.04 55.8 11.93 10 December 2019 181 A40
Cherwell E07000177 2018 2017 2017 10.26 1 147,602 34,381 5.46 66.1 15.31 10 December 2019 225 A422
Cheshire East E06000049 2018 2017 2017 7.15 0 378,846 80,096 3.84 149.2 9.42 10 December 2019 36 A532
Cheshire West and Chester E06000050 2018 2017 2017 7.35 0 337,986 71,082 3.82 129.5 9.14 10 December 2019 43 M53
Chesterfield E07000034 2018 2017 2017 7.41 0 104,579 21,071 4.01 50.6 9.38 10 December 2019 46 A617
Chichester E07000225 2018 2017 2017 9.35 0 120,192 23,399 5.05 74.4 11.87 10 December 2019 150 A27
Chiltern E07000005 2018 2017 2017 10.29 1 95,355 23,313 5.66 47 11.75 10 December 2019 231 A4154
Chorley E07000118 2018 2017 2017 7.61 0 115,772 24,951 3.95 44.6 9.55 10 December 2019 52 A49
City of London E09000001 2018 2017 2017 13.15 1 7,654 1,302 7.07 2.8 15.45 10 December 2019 316 A3211
Colchester E07000071 2018 2017 2017 10.27 1 190,098 41,763 5.48 87.7 12.14 10 December 2019 228 A133
Copeland E07000029 2018 2017 2017 5.53 0 68,689 13,707 2.88 22.5 6.85 10 December 2019 3 A595
Corby E07000150 2018 2017 2017 9.25 0 69,540 17,730 4.97 29.2 10.30 10 December 2019 142 A6086
Cornwall E06000052 2018 2017 2017 6.52 0 561,349 113,480 3.36 211 9.79 10 December 2019 16 A390
Cotswold E07000079 2018 2017 2017 8.7 0 87,509 17,041 4.58 40.8 10.44 10 December 2019 114 A419
County Durham E06000047 2018 2017 2017 6.52 0 523,662 106,633 3.44 190 10.28 10 December 2019 17 A19
Coventry E08000026 2018 2017 2017 10.26 1 360,149 82,146 5.5 155 12.86 10 December 2019 226 A444
Craven E07000163 2018 2017 2017 6.3 0 56,604 10,970 3.29 21.2 8.05 10 December 2019 11 A6131
Crawley E07000226 2018 2017 2017 10.86 1 111,664 28,141 5.75 42.7 12.32 10 December 2019 264 A2011
Croydon E09000008 2018 2017 2017 11.66 1 384,837 99,505 6.16 151.5 14.56 10 December 2019 286 A23
Dacorum E07000096 2018 2017 2017 10.14 1 153,316 36,162 5.61 68.6 11.99 10 December 2019 214 A414
Darlington E06000005 2018 2017 2017 7.14 0 106,347 23,679 3.69 41.4 8.64 10 December 2019 35 A167
Dartford E07000107 2018 2017 2017 12.11 1 107,516 26,792 6.39 55.9 15.30 10 December 2019 294 A282
Daventry E07000151 2018 2017 2017 9.17 0 82,638 18,025 4.93 35.5 10.46 10 December 2019 137 A45
Derby E06000015 2018 2017 2017 9.26 0 257,034 62,818 5.66 127.3 12.09 10 December 2019 143 A38
Derbyshire Dales E07000035 2018 2017 2017 6.64 0 71,849 13,368 3.79 28.4 7.54 10 December 2019 23 A6
Doncaster E08000017 2018 2017 2017 8.54 0 308,940 69,325 4.25 131.9 10.81 10 December 2019 104 A630
Dorset E06000059 2018 2017 2017 8.07 0 375,051 72,400 4.48 201.3 11.32 Fraction of mortality for Dorset is averaged from combined data from East Dorset, North Dorset, Purbeck, West Dorset, Weymouth and Portland individually The maximum roadside level of PM2.5 for Dorset is the maximum roadside level seen across either East Dorset, West Dorset, Weymouth and Portland 10 December 2019 76 A31
Dover E07000108 2018 2017 2017 9.73 0 115,803 24,125 5.28 69.9 10.81 10 December 2019 178 A256
Dudley E08000027 2018 2017 2017 9.61 0 319,419 72,459 4.96 153.9 12.37 10 December 2019 170 A461
Ealing E09000009 2018 2017 2017 12.13 1 342,736 85,709 6.46 119.5 15.56 10 December 2019 297 A40
East Cambridgeshire E07000009 2018 2017 2017 9.88 0 88,858 20,658 5.21 38.4 #N/A 10 December 2019 190 #N/A
East Devon E07000040 2018 2017 2017 6.39 0 142,265 26,970 3.87 73.2 7.94 10 December 2019 14 A376
East Hampshire E07000085 2018 2017 2017 9.44 0 119,392 25,914 5.06 58.6 10.91 10 December 2019 157 A3(M)
East Hertfordshire E07000242 2018 2017 2017 10.08 1 147,080 34,563 5.58 63.1 13.48 10 December 2019 207 A414
East Lindsey E07000137 2018 2017 2017 8.74 0 139,718 25,427 4.44 85.7 9.35 10 December 2019 116 A158
East Northamptonshire E07000152 2018 2017 2017 9.62 0 93,135 21,241 5.24 46.2 10.83 10 December 2019 171 A5001
East Riding of Yorkshire E06000011 2018 2017 2017 8.34 0 338,061 66,503 4.21 164.1 11.32 10 December 2019 92 A1033
East Staffordshire E07000193 2018 2017 2017 8.4 0 117,552 26,817 4.95 54.5 10.91 10 December 2019 95 A38
East Suffolk E07000244 2018 2017 2017 9.74 0 246,913 49,902 5.14 156.7 12.14 Background PM2.5 levels for East Suffolk are averaged from combined data from Suffolk Coastal and Waveney individually Fraction of mortality for East Suffolk is averaged from combined data from Suffolk Coastal and Waveney individually The maximum roadside level of PM2.5 for East Suffolk is the maximum roadside level seen across either Suffolk Coastal and Waveney 10 December 2019 179 A12
Eastbourne E07000061 2018 2017 2017 9.98 0 103,251 21,156 5.35 70.2 11.97 10 December 2019 199 A2290
Eastleigh E07000086 2018 2017 2017 10.6 1 130,498 29,321 5.6 60.1 12.94 10 December 2019 250 A334
Eden E07000030 2018 2017 2017 5.62 0 52,779 9,689 2.91 15.8 7.32 10 December 2019 4 A592
Elmbridge E07000207 2018 2017 2017 11.07 1 136,379 35,283 5.88 64.1 12.60 10 December 2019 272 A3050
Enfield E09000010 2018 2017 2017 12.11 1 332,705 88,310 6.47 130.1 16.34 10 December 2019 295 A406
Epping Forest E07000072 2018 2017 2017 10.83 1 130,576 28,826 5.92 75 12.51 10 December 2019 262 A121
Epsom and Ewell E07000208 2018 2017 2017 11.28 1 79,451 19,302 5.94 33.3 12.89 10 December 2019 276 A24
Erewash E07000036 2018 2017 2017 9.09 0 115,314 24,319 5.55 61.7 11.77 10 December 2019 132 A52
Exeter E07000041 2018 2017 2017 7.49 0 128,916 23,926 4.39 47.2 8.45 10 December 2019 51 A379
Fareham E07000087 2018 2017 2017 10.51 1 116,219 23,643 5.53 64.6 13.24 10 December 2019 243 A27
Fenland E07000010 2018 2017 2017 9.94 0 100,776 21,201 5.11 60.1 11.17 10 December 2019 194 A1101
Folkestone & Hythe E07000112 2018 2017 2017 9.68 0 111,427 22,465 5.28 69.3 11.67 10 December 2019 177 A259
Forest of Dean E07000080 2018 2017 2017 8.23 0 85,957 17,452 4.27 39.9 11.98 10 December 2019 87 A4151
Fylde E07000119 2018 2017 2017 6.45 0 78,863 14,821 3.31 35.6 7.92 10 December 2019 15 A585
Gateshead E08000037 2018 2017 2017 6.9 0 202,419 42,210 3.61 78.3 10.56 10 December 2019 25 A1
Gedling E07000173 2018 2017 2017 9 0 117,128 24,875 5.34 64.6 10.57 10 December 2019 126 A60
Gloucester E07000081 2018 2017 2017 10.07 1 129,083 30,587 5.11 57.6 11.64 10 December 2019 204 A4302
Gosport E07000088 2018 2017 2017 10.62 1 85,509 19,131 5.48 43.3 11.89 10 December 2019 253 A32
Gravesham E07000109 2018 2017 2017 11.73 1 106,121 26,185 6.18 57.2 13.79 10 December 2019 289 A2260
Great Yarmouth E07000145 2018 2017 2017 9.76 0 99,417 21,044 5.04 58.3 11.60 10 December 2019 184 A47
Greenwich E09000011 2018 2017 2017 12.37 1 282,849 71,357 6.48 100.3 16.02 10 December 2019 300 A2
Guildford E07000209 2018 2017 2017 10.36 1 147,777 31,371 5.58 60.2 13.38 10 December 2019 233 A331
Hackney E09000012 2018 2017 2017 12.9 1 275,929 65,693 6.88 75 15.57 10 December 2019 309 A12
Halton E06000006 2018 2017 2017 8.62 0 127,595 29,888 4.5 53.1 13.26 10 December 2019 107 A533
Hambleton E07000164 2018 2017 2017 7.2 0 90,718 17,647 3.87 36.8 7.96 10 December 2019 39 A167
Hammersmith and Fulham E09000013 2018 2017 2017 12.66 1 182,998 37,548 6.74 61.1 16.81 10 December 2019 305 A4
Harborough E07000131 2018 2017 2017 8.99 0 91,461 20,147 4.99 39.8 10.15 10 December 2019 125 A47
Haringey E09000014 2018 2017 2017 12.54 1 271,224 63,651 6.67 76.4 15.44 10 December 2019 304 A10
Harlow E07000073 2018 2017 2017 10.45 1 86,191 21,970 5.75 42.4 12.15 10 December 2019 237 A414
Harrogate E07000165 2018 2017 2017 7.08 0 160,044 34,688 3.74 60.4 8.61 10 December 2019 33 A59
Harrow E09000015 2018 2017 2017 11.29 1 248,880 60,773 6.1 89.8 12.80 10 December 2019 277 A5
Hart E07000089 2018 2017 2017 9.98 0 95,465 22,516 5.29 38 12.02 10 December 2019 200 A331
Hartlepool E06000001 2018 2017 2017 7.32 0 93,019 21,161 3.85 39.4 9.75 10 December 2019 41 A689
Hastings E07000062 2018 2017 2017 10.24 1 92,813 20,463 5.54 54.2 11.72 10 December 2019 221 A21
Havant E07000090 2018 2017 2017 10.73 1 125,065 26,384 5.69 77.2 12.94 10 December 2019 256 A27
Havering E09000016 2018 2017 2017 11.45 1 256,039 59,648 6.14 150.1 15.10 10 December 2019 280 A13
Herefordshire E06000019 2018 2017 2017 7.84 0 191,041 37,977 4.09 84.8 10.62 10 December 2019 60 A49
Hertsmere E07000098 2018 2017 2017 10.82 1 104,031 25,748 5.94 55 12.77 10 December 2019 260 A1000
High Peak E07000037 2018 2017 2017 6.6 0 92,063 18,832 3.52 29.9 8.53 10 December 2019 22 A6
Hillingdon E09000017 2018 2017 2017 11.38 1 302,343 76,280 6.12 115.6 14.06 10 December 2019 279 A312
Hinckley and Bosworth E07000132 2018 2017 2017 9.14 0 111,370 23,399 5.21 53.4 11.06 10 December 2019 134 A5
Horsham E07000227 2018 2017 2017 9.75 0 140,142 30,539 5.25 69.8 11.26 10 December 2019 182 A281
Hounslow E09000018 2018 2017 2017 11.91 1 269,100 66,892 6.39 95.1 14.57 10 December 2019 291 A4
Huntingdonshire E07000011 2018 2017 2017 10.07 1 176,979 38,603 5.38 76.3 11.74 10 December 2019 205 A141
Hyndburn E07000120 2018 2017 2017 8.07 0 80,410 19,540 4.19 34.9 9.73 10 December 2019 77 A680
Ipswich E07000202 2018 2017 2017 10.97 1 138,480 32,370 5.72 67.9 12.37 10 December 2019 271 A1156
Isle of Wight E06000046 2018 2017 2017 9.21 0 140,984 26,643 4.87 89.2 11.85 10 December 2019 140 A3020
Isles of Scilly E06000053 2018 2017 2017 5.13 0 2,259 380 2.5 0.5 #N/A 10 December 2019 1 #N/A
Islington E09000019 2018 2017 2017 12.94 1 235,000 43,672 6.9 74.9 14.94 10 December 2019 311 A501
Kensington and Chelsea E09000020 2018 2017 2017 12.97 1 155,741 29,801 6.91 57.3 16.19 10 December 2019 313 A40
Kettering E07000153 2018 2017 2017 9.9 0 100,252 23,932 5.29 45.6 11.45 10 December 2019 191 A6013
King's Lynn and West Norfolk E07000146 2018 2017 2017 9.66 0 151,945 30,864 4.87 88.7 11.13 10 December 2019 174 A148
Kingston upon Hull E06000010 2018 2017 2017 9.76 0 260,673 59,321 4.86 127.1 13.04 10 December 2019 185 A1079
Kingston upon Thames E09000021 2018 2017 2017 11.54 1 174,609 40,454 6.12 66.2 13.88 10 December 2019 283 A3
Kirklees E08000034 2018 2017 2017 8.06 0 437,145 105,216 4.09 155 11.38 10 December 2019 75 A62
Knowsley E08000011 2018 2017 2017 8.95 0 148,560 34,716 4.61 69.6 10.83 10 December 2019 123 A580
Lambeth E09000022 2018 2017 2017 12.73 1 324,048 65,427 6.74 93 14.98 10 December 2019 308 A3036
Lancaster E07000121 2018 2017 2017 6.99 0 142,487 29,046 3.49 50.2 8.97 10 December 2019 30 A6
Leeds E08000035 2018 2017 2017 8.92 0 784,846 175,676 4.54 298.6 12.54 10 December 2019 122 A61
Leicester E06000016 2018 2017 2017 10.27 1 353,540 88,655 5.72 144.2 12.50 10 December 2019 229 A594
Lewes E07000063 2018 2017 2017 9.55 0 102,257 21,110 5.18 56.7 11.71 10 December 2019 162 A259
Lewisham E09000023 2018 2017 2017 12.36 1 301,307 71,286 6.54 96.9 14.90 10 December 2019 299 A2
Lichfield E07000194 2018 2017 2017 8.56 0 103,507 20,955 4.9 52.5 11.75 10 December 2019 106 A5
Lincoln E07000138 2018 2017 2017 9.59 0 98,438 19,602 4.83 43.9 11.24 10 December 2019 166 A15
Liverpool E08000012 2018 2017 2017 9.33 0 491,549 99,660 4.63 208.3 13.19 10 December 2019 148 A5058
Luton E06000032 2018 2017 2017 11.33 1 214,658 59,723 6.2 92.5 13.28 10 December 2019 278 A505
Maidstone E07000110 2018 2017 2017 10.68 1 167,730 38,720 5.7 86.2 13.09 10 December 2019 255 A229
Maldon E07000074 2018 2017 2017 9.74 0 63,975 12,710 5.29 33.8 10.86 10 December 2019 180 A414
Malvern Hills E07000235 2018 2017 2017 7.97 0 77,165 14,932 4.15 43.6 8.98 10 December 2019 68 A449
Manchester E08000003 2018 2017 2017 8.68 0 545,501 128,008 4.47 152.7 11.08 10 December 2019 112 A5103
Mansfield E07000174 2018 2017 2017 8.44 0 108,576 23,619 4.78 57.4 9.66 10 December 2019 98 A60
Medway E06000035 2018 2017 2017 12.06 1 277,616 67,514 6.32 136.4 15.28 10 December 2019 292 A2
Melton E07000133 2018 2017 2017 8.67 0 50,873 10,659 5 23.5 10.20 10 December 2019 111 A606
Mendip E07000187 2018 2017 2017 8.11 0 113,513 24,831 4.39 51 9.51 10 December 2019 79 A362
Merton E09000024 2018 2017 2017 12.29 1 206,052 48,907 6.42 76.3 14.34 10 December 2019 298 A3
Mid Devon E07000042 2018 2017 2017 6.54 0 80,623 17,573 3.89 29.7 8.81 10 December 2019 18 A3126
Mid Suffolk E07000203 2018 2017 2017 9.91 0 101,543 20,805 5.25 51.8 10.45 10 December 2019 192 A1308
Mid Sussex E07000228 2018 2017 2017 9.95 0 148,345 34,255 5.4 74.7 11.16 10 December 2019 196 A22
Middlesbrough E06000002 2018 2017 2017 8.03 0 140,639 34,157 4.18 62.8 11.56 10 December 2019 72 A66
Milton Keynes E06000042 2018 2017 2017 10.86 1 267,521 70,669 5.84 101.1 13.05 10 December 2019 265 A5
Mole Valley E07000210 2018 2017 2017 10.24 1 87,128 18,775 5.5 46 12.53 10 December 2019 222 A24
New Forest E07000091 2018 2017 2017 9.17 0 179,590 34,165 4.85 109.3 12.95 10 December 2019 138 A35
Newark and Sherwood E07000175 2018 2017 2017 8.95 0 120,965 25,642 4.92 61.2 9.55 10 December 2019 124 A6075
Newcastle upon Tyne E08000021 2018 2017 2017 6.98 0 295,842 61,294 3.67 88.1 9.74 10 December 2019 29 A1
Newcastle-under-Lyme E07000195 2018 2017 2017 7.63 0 128,963 25,215 4.15 49.7 11.75 10 December 2019 55 A500
Newham E09000025 2018 2017 2017 13.49 1 347,996 89,975 7.03 91.1 17.12 10 December 2019 317 A13
North Devon E07000043 2018 2017 2017 6.55 0 95,440 19,505 3.55 40.2 8.39 10 December 2019 19 A3125
North East Derbyshire E07000038 2018 2017 2017 7.44 0 100,780 19,524 4.09 48.9 9.09 10 December 2019 48 A632
North East Lincolnshire E06000012 2018 2017 2017 9.24 0 159,826 36,247 4.5 80.4 10.97 10 December 2019 141 A46
North Hertfordshire E07000099 2018 2017 2017 10.08 1 133,321 30,642 5.6 70 11.85 10 December 2019 208 A602
North Kesteven E07000139 2018 2017 2017 9.2 0 115,230 24,063 4.8 59.6 10.15 10 December 2019 139 A15
North Lincolnshire E06000013 2018 2017 2017 9.01 0 171,294 37,456 4.33 76.5 10.23 10 December 2019 127 A1029
North Norfolk E07000147 2018 2017 2017 9.05 0 104,067 17,359 4.63 66.8 9.59 10 December 2019 130 A149
North Somerset E06000024 2018 2017 2017 8.18 0 212,834 45,562 4.3 100.6 10.01 10 December 2019 81 A369
North Tyneside E08000022 2018 2017 2017 6.94 0 204,473 42,973 3.73 84.7 9.47 10 December 2019 27 A19
North Warwickshire E07000218 2018 2017 2017 9.04 0 64,069 13,096 5.18 34.2 11.46 10 December 2019 129 M6
North West Leicestershire E07000134 2018 2017 2017 8.63 0 100,109 21,605 5.22 48.5 9.37 10 December 2019 109 A511
Northampton E07000154 2018 2017 2017 10.41 1 225,656 55,871 5.55 97.1 13.92 10 December 2019 235 A45
Northumberland E06000057 2018 2017 2017 6.04 0 319,030 62,417 3.24 116.6 7.32 10 December 2019 8 A193
Norwich E07000148 2018 2017 2017 10.36 1 140,353 28,035 5.25 58.9 12.36 10 December 2019 234 A147
Nottingham E06000018 2018 2017 2017 9.53 0 329,209 72,623 5.61 130.1 12.24 10 December 2019 160 A52
Nuneaton and Bedworth E07000219 2018 2017 2017 9.55 0 128,659 29,236 5.32 64.8 12.63 10 December 2019 163 A444
Oadby and Wigston E07000135 2018 2017 2017 9.42 0 57,035 12,256 5.27 30.4 10.66 10 December 2019 156 A563
Oldham E08000004 2018 2017 2017 8.28 0 233,759 62,143 4.32 89.7 10.94 10 December 2019 89 M60
Oxford E07000178 2018 2017 2017 10.86 1 154,582 32,051 5.81 54.2 12.80 10 December 2019 266 A4142
Pendle E07000122 2018 2017 2017 7.92 0 90,696 22,237 4.08 38.2 10.12 10 December 2019 63 A56
Peterborough E06000031 2018 2017 2017 10.15 1 198,914 52,234 5.29 83.2 11.96 10 December 2019 215 A47
Plymouth E06000026 2018 2017 2017 7.62 0 263,070 55,566 4.22 107.7 10.20 10 December 2019 54 A38
Portsmouth E06000044 2018 2017 2017 12.42 1 214,718 46,830 6.33 109.4 15.50 10 December 2019 302 A2030
Preston E07000123 2018 2017 2017 8 0 141,346 33,061 4.12 50.2 10.10 10 December 2019 70 A5085
Reading E06000038 2018 2017 2017 11.67 1 163,075 38,907 5.96 68.5 15.27 10 December 2019 287 A329
Redbridge E09000026 2018 2017 2017 12.67 1 301,785 79,636 6.69 113.3 16.11 10 December 2019 306 A406
Redcar and Cleveland E06000003 2018 2017 2017 7.39 0 136,005 29,059 3.95 61.3 8.98 10 December 2019 44 A66
Redditch E07000236 2018 2017 2017 8.62 0 85,204 19,849 4.56 30.8 #N/A 10 December 2019 108 #N/A
Reigate and Banstead E07000211 2018 2017 2017 10.5 1 146,383 34,830 5.64 77.9 12.19 10 December 2019 241 A217
Ribble Valley E07000124 2018 2017 2017 6.55 0 59,504 12,591 3.46 21.4 7.63 10 December 2019 20 A671
Richmond upon Thames E09000027 2018 2017 2017 11.59 1 195,680 47,135 6.19 75.4 14.05 10 December 2019 285 A316
Richmondshire E07000166 2018 2017 2017 6.35 0 53,699 10,960 3.36 16.1 #N/A 10 December 2019 13 #N/A
Rochdale E08000005 2018 2017 2017 8.03 0 218,459 54,882 4.19 84.4 9.94 10 December 2019 73 A58
Rochford E07000075 2018 2017 2017 10.07 1 86,209 17,645 5.46 47.1 12.80 10 December 2019 206 A127
Rossendale E07000125 2018 2017 2017 7.02 0 70,365 16,203 3.74 24 10.19 10 December 2019 31 A56
Rother E07000064 2018 2017 2017 9.39 0 94,997 17,043 5.13 70.8 11.03 10 December 2019 152 A2690
Rotherham E08000018 2018 2017 2017 7.99 0 263,375 60,070 4.13 112.2 10.67 10 December 2019 69 A630
Rugby E07000220 2018 2017 2017 9.34 0 106,350 25,006 5.03 48.2 12.21 10 December 2019 149 M6
Runnymede E07000212 2018 2017 2017 11.19 1 86,882 17,820 5.93 44.5 13.71 10 December 2019 274 A30
Rushcliffe E07000176 2018 2017 2017 8.83 0 115,996 25,258 5.27 57.4 11.11 10 December 2019 119 A52
Rushmoor E07000092 2018 2017 2017 10.93 1 95,817 22,267 5.75 39.7 13.76 10 December 2019 268 A331
Rutland E06000017 2018 2017 2017 9.12 0 39,474 8,295 5.01 19.2 #N/A 10 December 2019 133 #N/A
Ryedale E07000167 2018 2017 2017 7.41 0 54,311 10,318 4 24.5 #N/A 10 December 2019 47 #N/A
Salford E08000006 2018 2017 2017 8.71 0 251,332 58,457 4.51 98.1 10.70 10 December 2019 115 A6
Sandwell E08000028 2018 2017 2017 10.64 1 325,460 85,002 5.69 165.9 13.66 10 December 2019 254 A41
Scarborough E07000168 2018 2017 2017 7.48 0 108,370 20,669 4.01 57.4 9.45 10 December 2019 50 A64
Sedgemoor E07000188 2018 2017 2017 8.18 0 122,178 26,260 4.41 54.7 12.49 10 December 2019 82 A38
Sefton E08000014 2018 2017 2017 7.86 0 274,589 56,558 3.83 120.8 13.32 10 December 2019 61 A5058
Selby E07000169 2018 2017 2017 8.22 0 87,887 19,092 4.15 32.4 9.73 10 December 2019 86 A63
Sevenoaks E07000111 2018 2017 2017 10.33 1 119,429 28,034 5.58 59.7 12.29 10 December 2019 232 M20
Sheffield E08000019 2018 2017 2017 7.4 0 577,789 123,891 3.81 187.7 10.52 10 December 2019 45 A57
Shropshire E06000051 2018 2017 2017 7.18 0 317,459 63,359 3.68 129.5 8.74 10 December 2019 37 A442
Slough E06000039 2018 2017 2017 12.07 1 148,768 43,876 6.43 48.9 13.90 10 December 2019 293 A355
Solihull E08000029 2018 2017 2017 9.57 0 213,933 49,283 5.35 109.3 12.40 10 December 2019 164 A45
Somerset West and Taunton E07000246 2018 2017 2017 6.92 0 152,288 30,795 3.86 69.9 10.32 Background PM2.5 levels for Somerset West and Taunton are averaged from combined data from West Somerset and Taunton Deane individually Fraction of mortality for Somerset West and Taunton is averaged from combined data from West Somerset and Taunton Deane individually The maximum roadside level of PM2.5 is for Taunton Deane only 10 December 2019 26 A358
South Bucks E07000006 2018 2017 2017 10.94 1 69,785 15,918 5.97 39.6 12.46 10 December 2019 269 A355
South Cambridgeshire E07000012 2018 2017 2017 9.94 0 156,705 36,879 5.39 65.5 10.46 10 December 2019 195 A1301
South Derbyshire E07000039 2018 2017 2017 8.46 0 102,385 23,132 5.12 42.1 10.92 10 December 2019 100 A511
South Gloucestershire E06000025 2018 2017 2017 9.75 0 279,027 61,364 5.1 118.9 12.28 10 December 2019 183 A4174
South Hams E07000044 2018 2017 2017 5.86 0 85,340 16,182 3.53 32.3 7.18 10 December 2019 7 A386
South Holland E07000140 2018 2017 2017 9.37 0 93,295 18,957 4.87 54.3 9.97 10 December 2019 151 A151
South Kesteven E07000141 2018 2017 2017 9.28 0 141,662 30,849 5.01 71.3 10.28 10 December 2019 145 A52
South Lakeland E07000031 2018 2017 2017 5.82 0 104,321 18,845 3.05 36.2 7.57 10 December 2019 6 A6
South Norfolk E07000149 2018 2017 2017 9.6 0 135,471 28,983 4.97 68.2 #N/A 10 December 2019 167 #N/A
South Northamptonshire E07000155 2018 2017 2017 9.47 0 91,074 20,613 5.13 39.2 #N/A 10 December 2019 158 #N/A
South Oxfordshire E07000179 2018 2017 2017 9.92 0 139,767 31,566 5.33 62.2 11.22 10 December 2019 193 A4130
South Ribble E07000126 2018 2017 2017 7.67 0 110,400 23,888 3.96 40.8 10.23 10 December 2019 56 A582
South Somerset E07000189 2018 2017 2017 7.92 0 167,216 34,627 4.45 82.1 10.13 10 December 2019 64 A37
South Staffordshire E07000196 2018 2017 2017 8.45 0 111,890 20,918 4.5 55.9 9.38 10 December 2019 99 A458
South Tyneside E08000023 2018 2017 2017 7.03 0 149,555 31,250 3.83 65.2 9.46 10 December 2019 32 A194
Southampton E06000045 2018 2017 2017 11.22 1 252,359 53,574 5.78 107.8 #N/A 10 December 2019 275 #N/A
Southend-on-Sea E06000033 2018 2017 2017 10.26 1 181,808 41,137 5.52 110.2 14.06 10 December 2019 227 A35
Southwark E09000028 2018 2017 2017 12.69 1 314,232 67,403 6.74 91 15.12 10 December 2019 307 A3
Spelthorne E07000213 2018 2017 2017 11.57 1 99,120 22,271 6.12 51.9 14.07 10 December 2019 284 A316
St Albans E07000240 2018 2017 2017 10.47 1 147,095 38,122 5.82 67.4 11.97 10 December 2019 238 A405
St Helens E08000013 2018 2017 2017 8.38 0 179,331 38,673 4.33 82.1 10.51 10 December 2019 94 A571
Stafford E07000197 2018 2017 2017 7.7 0 134,764 27,032 4.26 54.2 10.42 10 December 2019 57 A50
Staffordshire Moorlands E07000198 2018 2017 2017 6.96 0 98,496 19,202 3.92 44.3 8.90 10 December 2019 28 A521
Stevenage E07000243 2018 2017 2017 10.21 1 87,739 21,016 5.68 45 12.05 10 December 2019 219 A1072
Stockport E08000007 2018 2017 2017 8.05 0 291,045 66,075 4.19 116.8 10.60 10 December 2019 74 A5145
Stockton-on-Tees E06000004 2018 2017 2017 7.61 0 196,487 45,616 3.96 73.3 10.74 10 December 2019 53 A66
Stoke-on-Trent E06000021 2018 2017 2017 8.12 0 255,378 60,224 4.42 110.5 12.08 10 December 2019 80 A500
Stratford-on-Avon E07000221 2018 2017 2017 8.63 0 125,202 24,855 4.65 63 9.87 10 December 2019 110 A3400
Stroud E07000082 2018 2017 2017 8.68 0 118,130 25,248 4.52 56.8 10.42 10 December 2019 113 A419
Sunderland E08000024 2018 2017 2017 7.1 0 277,249 57,474 3.82 113.9 9.16 10 December 2019 34 A1231
Surrey Heath E07000214 2018 2017 2017 10.82 1 88,765 20,314 5.79 45 15.50 10 December 2019 261 A331
Sutton E09000029 2018 2017 2017 11.45 1 203,243 49,709 6.05 84.4 13.22 10 December 2019 281 A217
Swale E07000113 2018 2017 2017 10.56 1 146,694 34,712 5.66 73.1 12.23 10 December 2019 245 A2
Swindon E06000030 2018 2017 2017 10.27 1 220,363 52,524 5.43 96.9 12.05 10 December 2019 230 A4259
Tameside E08000008 2018 2017 2017 8.37 0 224,119 52,282 4.4 100 12.24 10 December 2019 93 A635
Tamworth E07000199 2018 2017 2017 9.32 0 76,527 17,508 5.31 33.6 11.01 10 December 2019 147 A51
Tandridge E07000215 2018 2017 2017 10.13 1 87,297 19,876 5.49 46.2 11.26 10 December 2019 211 A22
Teignbridge E07000045 2018 2017 2017 6.32 0 131,437 25,458 3.85 59.3 8.64 10 December 2019 12 A380
Telford and Wrekin E06000020 2018 2017 2017 7.72 0 175,768 42,205 4.05 62 9.46 10 December 2019 58 A5223
Tendring E07000076 2018 2017 2017 9.66 0 144,705 28,198 5.18 115.2 11.24 10 December 2019 175 A133
Test Valley E07000093 2018 2017 2017 9.6 0 123,957 27,293 5.07 57.7 12.17 10 December 2019 168 M271
Tewkesbury E07000083 2018 2017 2017 9.16 0 90,332 19,517 4.75 38.6 9.86 10 December 2019 135 A38
Thanet E07000114 2018 2017 2017 10.24 1 141,337 31,504 5.5 92.7 11.79 10 December 2019 223 A255
Three Rivers E07000102 2018 2017 2017 10.55 1 92,641 22,238 5.79 48.2 11.47 10 December 2019 244 A404
Thurrock E06000034 2018 2017 2017 11.45 1 170,394 44,882 6.14 78.6 13.81 10 December 2019 282 A282
Tonbridge and Malling E07000115 2018 2017 2017 10.6 1 128,891 31,272 5.69 58.3 13.25 10 December 2019 251 A229
Torbay E06000027 2018 2017 2017 6.65 0 135,247 26,871 3.99 71.3 8.39 10 December 2019 24 A3022
Torridge E07000046 2018 2017 2017 6.25 0 67,821 13,178 3.45 28.9 8.14 10 December 2019 10 A386
Tower Hamlets E09000030 2018 2017 2017 12.9 1 307,964 71,550 6.83 69.6 16.25 10 December 2019 310 A1203
Trafford E08000009 2018 2017 2017 8.24 0 235,493 58,364 4.23 87.3 10.81 10 December 2019 88 A56
Tunbridge Wells E07000116 2018 2017 2017 9.87 0 118,061 28,267 5.33 54.5 11.60 10 December 2019 188 A26
Uttlesford E07000077 2018 2017 2017 9.85 0 87,684 20,736 5.41 39.3 #N/A 10 December 2019 187 #N/A
Vale of White Horse E07000180 2018 2017 2017 9.99 0 131,227 29,835 5.3 53.9 13.60 10 December 2019 201 A34
Wakefield E08000036 2018 2017 2017 8.21 0 340,790 75,335 4.13 138.5 11.26 10 December 2019 84 A639
Walsall E08000030 2018 2017 2017 10.2 1 281,293 70,696 5.52 153.3 13.09 10 December 2019 218 A454
Waltham Forest E09000031 2018 2017 2017 13.06 1 275,505 69,728 6.9 92.9 16.92 10 December 2019 315 A12
Wandsworth E09000032 2018 2017 2017 12.37 1 323,257 65,594 6.53 98.9 14.98 10 December 2019 301 A3
Warrington E06000007 2018 2017 2017 8.29 0 209,704 47,104 4.33 82.8 10.91 10 December 2019 90 A49
Warwick E07000222 2018 2017 2017 9.31 0 140,282 28,483 4.96 58.8 10.75 10 December 2019 146 A445
Watford E07000103 2018 2017 2017 11.14 1 96,675 24,702 6.04 47.8 13.09 10 December 2019 273 A412
Waverley E07000216 2018 2017 2017 9.53 0 125,010 29,979 5.11 58.6 11.90 10 December 2019 161 A31
Wealden E07000065 2018 2017 2017 9.4 0 158,941 32,535 5.12 91.2 11.03 10 December 2019 153 A2270
Wellingborough E07000156 2018 2017 2017 10.06 1 78,914 19,086 5.42 41.1 11.30 10 December 2019 203 A509
Welwyn Hatfield E07000241 2018 2017 2017 10.58 1 122,274 26,695 5.87 55.9 12.84 10 December 2019 247 A414
West Berkshire E06000037 2018 2017 2017 9.81 0 158,473 37,764 5.2 62.3 13.06 10 December 2019 186 A4
West Devon E07000047 2018 2017 2017 5.67 0 55,329 10,637 3.38 20.9 6.72 10 December 2019 5 A386
West Lancashire E07000127 2018 2017 2017 7.31 0 113,881 23,622 3.74 44.6 9.34 10 December 2019 40 A577
West Lindsey E07000142 2018 2017 2017 9.07 0 94,340 19,410 4.45 45.1 10.31 10 December 2019 131 A631
West Oxfordshire E07000181 2018 2017 2017 9.57 0 109,266 23,823 5.08 55.2 10.95 10 December 2019 165 A4095
West Suffolk E07000245 2018 2017 2017 9.87 0 179,248 39,594 5.23 84.5 12.90 Background PM2.5 levels for West Suffolk are averaged from combined data from St. Edmundsbury and Forest Heath individually Fraction of mortality for West Suffolk is averaged from combined data from St. Edmundsbury and Forest Heath individually The maximum roadside level of PM2.5 for West Suffolk is the maximum roadside level seen across either St. Edmundsbury and Forest Heath 10 December 2019 189 A14
Westminster E09000033 2018 2017 2017 12.95 1 244,796 47,538 6.93 77.2 16.56 10 December 2019 312 A4
Wigan E08000010 2018 2017 2017 7.96 0 324,650 71,778 4.1 133 9.98 10 December 2019 67 A578
Wiltshire E06000054 2018 2017 2017 8.9 0 496,043 111,475 4.74 223.7 11.56 10 December 2019 121 M4
Winchester E07000094 2018 2017 2017 9.52 0 123,879 27,615 5.06 56.5 11.73 10 December 2019 159 M3
Windsor and Maidenhead E06000040 2018 2017 2017 10.8 1 150,140 36,198 5.77 71.8 12.39 10 December 2019 259 A404(M)
Wirral E08000015 2018 2017 2017 8.01 0 322,796 71,362 3.86 135.7 10.49 10 December 2019 71 A551
Woking E07000217 2018 2017 2017 10.79 1 101,129 24,854 5.73 43 13.08 10 December 2019 258 A245
Wokingham E06000041 2018 2017 2017 10.85 1 164,980 40,751 5.75 63.5 13.37 10 December 2019 263 A4
Wolverhampton E08000031 2018 2017 2017 9.4 0 259,926 63,196 4.9 128.2 13.00 10 December 2019 154 A463
Worcester E07000237 2018 2017 2017 8.88 0 102,314 22,245 4.64 42.9 10.15 10 December 2019 120 A38
Worthing E07000229 2018 2017 2017 10.5 1 109,632 22,758 5.57 80.3 12.14 10 December 2019 242 A27
Wychavon E07000238 2018 2017 2017 8.51 0 125,378 25,363 4.49 56.7 9.90 10 December 2019 102 A38
Wycombe E07000007 2018 2017 2017 10.56 1 174,758 42,751 5.71 75.9 12.77 10 December 2019 246 A4010
Wyre E07000128 2018 2017 2017 6.57 0 110,426 21,076 3.3 49.3 7.84 10 December 2019 21 A585
Wyre Forest E07000239 2018 2017 2017 8.31 0 100,715 20,470 4.28 47.8 10.21 10 December 2019 91 A456
York E06000014 2018 2017 2017 8.09 0 208,163 39,277 4.17 75 9.48 10 December 2019 78 A1036

A detailed analysis

Background concentrations of PM2.5 vary greatly across the country

Background concentrations of PM2.5are affected by the amount and scale of emitters in an area. The lowest background concentration of PM2.5 across the country is 5.1μg/m3. However, there is no safe level of air pollution. Depending on where you live levels can be as high as 13.5μg/m3, as seen in areas of London such as Newham. Levels this high present a considerable health risk as showcased by the proportion of deaths linked to PM2.5.

Bar title Icon filename Value Range-min Range-max Target Left is good Line of people Scale-min Scale-max Unit Range-min-label Range-max-label
The range in background level of PM2.5 across the country (2018) 5.1 13.5 10 15 μg/m3 Isles of Scilly Newham

The impact air pollution has on human life depends on where you live. The proportion of deaths linked to the pollutant ranges from 2.5% to 7% of deaths.

The impact on human life depends on the population of an area and how close people live to dangerous concentrations of PM2.5. Some remote areas like the Isles of Scilly have only an estimated 2.5% of deaths linked to PM2.5 air pollution. This is still too many deaths. However, areas of London, including the City of London, have up to an estimated 7% of deaths linked to PM2.5, a shockingly high proportion.

Bar title Icon filename Value Range-min Range-max Target Left is good Line of people Scale-min Scale-max Unit Range-min-label Range-max-label
The range in the % of deaths linked to PM2.5 across the country (2017) 2.5 7 9 % Isles of Scilly City of London

The problem is far worse in the south and near cities, towns and major roads

Toxic levels of pollution can be found across the UK, but towns and cities in the south of England are the worst affected by PM2.5. This is likely to be because PM2.5 is influenced by weather patterns and the south of England is also affected by pollution from mainland Europe.

Towns, roads and cities are the worst affected areas, especially in the south of England

Our asks

There is no safe level of air pollution and everyone deserves the right to breathe clean air. To change the toxic levels of pollution in the UK:

  • We need better monitoring across the country
  • We need better information and data on air pollution so that everyone has clear advice on how to protect themselves and breathe cleaner air
  • We need the government to strengthen the national clean air strategy.
  • We need a specific plan to protect the most vulnerable, including children and people with a lung condition, from the effects of toxic air
  • We need greater government support for local authorities so they can put the right solutions in place, including clean air zones

Help and more information

If you would like more information on air pollution and how best to protect yourself please visit our website

Data sources

What Is Pm 2.5 Air Pollution

Source: https://www.blf.org.uk/taskforce/data-tracker/air-quality/pm25